국제 방탄 규격 비교 및 방탄 성능 기준
군수, 방산 분야에서 사용되는 방탄 규격에 대해 국가별 방탄 규격과 방탄 성능의 기준, 방탄 테스트 조건에 대해 정리했습니다.
각 기준마다 사용되는 탄환 종류도 상이하고, 테스트를 위한 발사 거리도 다릅니다.
그리고, 방탄 철판 규격을 사용하기 위해서는 먼저 방탄 철판이 어느 수준까지 방탄 성능을 만족하는지 확인해야 합니다.
목차
1. N.I.J. 0108.01 (United States)
Class | Type of Weapon |
Caliber | Bullet | Test condition | |||
Type | Mass | Test range | Bullet velocity | ||||
(grains / g) | (m) | (m/s) | |||||
I | hand gun | 22 LR | RN/L | 40 | 2,6 | 5 | 320 +/-12 |
.38 SP | RN/L | 158 | 10,2 | 259 +/-15 | |||
IIA | hand gun | 9 mm Luger | FMJ | 124 | 8,0 | 5 | 332 +/-12 |
.357 Mag. | JSP | 158 | 10.2 | 381 +/-15 | |||
II | hand gun | 9 mm Lugar | FMJ | 124 | 8,0 | 5 | 385 +/-12 |
.357 Mag. | JSP | 158 | 10.2 | 425 +/-15 | |||
IIIA | hand gun | 9 mm | FMJ | 124 | 8,0 | 5 | 426 +/-15 |
.44 Mag | Lead SWC gas | 240 | 15,5 | ||||
III | rifle 7,62 | 7,62 x 51 | 7,62 .308 FMJ |
150 | 9,7 | 15 | 838 +/-15 |
308 Winchester | |||||||
IV | rifle M14 | 7,62 x 63 | 30.06 AP | 166 | 10,8 | 15 | 868 +/-15 |
※ 용어 해석
AP | Armour Piercing | PB | pointed bullet |
L | lead | RN | round nose bullet |
CB | coned bullet | SC | soft core (lead) |
FMJ | full metal jacket bullet | SCP1 | soft core (lead) with steel penetrator (type SS109) |
FN | flat nose bullet | SWC | semi wadcutter |
HC1 | steel hard core, mass (3,7 +/-0,1 g) | JSP | Jacket Soft Point |
2. STANAG 4569 (NATO)
Level | KE (kinetic energy) Threat |
bullet | Artillery Threat (FSP 20mm) | |
I | Riffle | 7.62x51 NATO Ball (Ball M80) | ||
Distance 30m | ||||
Velocity 833 m /s | ||||
Angle azimuth 360 degrees | 20 MM FSP | |||
Elevation 0 - 30 degrees | Velocity 520 m/s | |||
------------------------------- | tolerance +/- 20m/s | |||
5.56 x 45 NATO SS109 & M193 | Angle Azimuth 0 - 360 degrees, | |||
Distance 30m | Elev. 0 - 18 degrees | |||
Velocity 900 m/s (SS109) - 937 m/s (M193) | simulated range or burst 150 m | |||
Angle azimuth 360 degrees | ||||
Elevation 0 - 30 degrees | ||||
II | Infantry Riffle | 7.62 x 39 API BZ | 20 MM FSP | |
Distance 30m | Velocity 630 m/s | |||
Velocity 695 m/s | tolerance +/- 20m/s | |||
Angle azimuth 360 degrees | Angle Azimuth 0 - 360 degrees, | |||
Elevation 0 - 30 degrees | Elev. 0 - 22 degrees | |||
simulated range or burst 120 m | ||||
III | Sniper Riffle | 7.62 x 51 AP (WC core) | ||
7.62 x 54R B32 API (Dragunov) | ||||
Distance 30m | 20 MM FSP | |||
Velocity 930 m/s (7.62x51 AP WC) | Velocity 770 m/s | |||
Velocity 854 m/s ( 7.62x54R B32 API) | tolerance +/- 20m/s | |||
Angle azimuth 360 degrees | Angle Azimuth 0 - 360 degrees, | |||
Elevation 0 - 30 degrees | Elev. 0 - 30 degrees | |||
III + | Medium Machine Gun | 12.7 x 99 M2 AP | simulated range or burst 90 m | |
Speed 914 m/s | ||||
Distance 30m | ||||
IV | Heavy Machine Gun | 14.5x114AP / B32 | 20 MM FSP | |
Distance 200m | Velocity 960 m/s | |||
Velocity 911 m/s | tolerance +/- 20 m/s | |||
Angle azimuth 360 degrees | Angle Azimuth 0 - 360 degrees, | |||
Elevation 0 degrees | Elev. 0 - 90 degrees | |||
simulated range or burst 25 m | ||||
V | Automatic Cannon | 25mm APDS-TM-791 or TLB 073 | 20 MM FSP | |
Distance 500m | Velocity 960 m/s | |||
Velocity 1258 m/s | Angle Azimuth 0- 360 degrees, | |||
Angle azimuth -frontal arc to | Elev. 0 - 90 degrees | |||
centreline +/- 30 degrees | simulated range or burst 10 m | |||
Elevation 0 degrees |
3. UL. std. 752 (United States)
Class | Type of Weapon | Caliber | Bullet | Test condition | |||
Type | Mass | Test range | Bullet velocity | ||||
(grains / g) | (m) | (m/s) | |||||
I | hand gun | 9 x 19 | FMJ / LC | 124 | 8 | 4,6 | 358 |
2 | hand gun | .357 Mag. | JLSP | 158 | 10.2 | 4,6 | 385 |
3 | hand gun | .44 Magnum | SWC | 240 | 15.6 | 4,6 | 411 |
4 | 30.06 rifle | 30.06 | LCSP | 180 | 11.7 | 4,6 | 774 |
5 | rifle 7,62 or .308 | 7,62 x 51 | LC/FMCJ | 150 | 9,7 | 4,6 | 838 |
6 | automatic | 9 x 19 | LC/FMCJ | 124 | 8 | 4,6 | 427 |
uzi 9mm | |||||||
7 | rifle 5,56 | 5,56 x 45 | LC/FMCJ(.223 Cal.) | 55 | 3.56 | 4,6 | 939 |
8 | rifle 7,62 M14 | 7,62 x 51 | LC/FMCJ militairy | 150 | 9.7 | 4,6 | 838 |
Ball (.308 Cal.) | |||||||
Suppl. | Shotgun | 12 gauge rifle | Lead Slug | 1 oz. | 28.3 | 4,6 | 483 |
12 gauge | Lead Buckshot (12 pellets) | 1.5 oz. | 42 | 366 |
multi hit requirement | Stopped penetrations: Level I up to 3 --> 3 hits to be stopped per specimen, |
level 4 & 5 --> 1 hit per specimin, | |
level 6 up to 8 -->5 hits per specimen | |
Supplementary --> 3 hits per specimen |
4. EN. 1063, EN 1522 (Euronorm)
Class | Type of Weapon | Caliber | Bullet | Test condition | ||
Type | Mass | Test range | Bullet velocity | |||
(g) | (m) | (m/s) | ||||
FB1 | rifle | 22 LR | L/RN | 2,6 +/- 0,1 | 10 +/- 0,5 | 360 +/- 10 |
FB2 | hand gun | 9 mm Luger | (1) FJ/RN/SC | 8,0 +/- 0,1 | 5 +/-0,5 | 400 +/- 10 |
FB3 | hand gun | 357 Mag. | (1) FJ/CB/SC | 10,2 +/- 0,1 | 5 +/-0,5 | 430 +/- 10 |
FB4 | hand gun | 357 Mag. | (1) FJ/CB/SC | 10,2 +/- 0,1 | 5 +/- 0,5 | 430 +/- 10 |
hand gun (see note) |
44 Rem. Mag. | (2) FJ/FN/SC | 15,6 +/- 0,1 | 5 +/- 0,5 | 440 +/-10 | |
FB5 | rifle | 5,56 x 45 (주기1) |
(2) FJ PB/SCP1 | 4,0 +/- 0,1 | 10 +/-0,5 | 950 +/- 10 |
FB6 | rifle | 5,56 x 45 (주기1) |
(2) FJ PB/SCP1 | 4,0 +/- 0,1 | 10 +/-0,5 | 950 +/- 10 |
rifle (see note) |
7,62 x 51 | (1) FJ/PB/SC | 9,5 +/- 0,1 | 10 +/- 0,5 | 830 +/- 10 | |
FB7 | rifle | 7,62 x 51 (주기 2) |
(2) FJ/PB/HC1 | 9,8 +/- 0,1 | 10 +/- 0,5 | 820 +/- 10 |
L | lead | PB | pointed bullet |
CB | coned bullet | RN | round nose bullet |
FJ | full metal jacket bullet | SC | soft core (lead) |
FN | flat nose bullet | SCP1 | soft core (lead) with steel penetrator (type SS109) |
HC1 | steel hard core, mass (3,7 +/-0,1 g) | ||
hardness more than 63 HRC |
주기 1) | To achieve the stated values for [5,56 x 45], the recommended barrel twist lenght = (178 +/- 10 mm) |
주기 2 | To achieve the stated values for Class FB7, the recommended barrel twist length = (254 +/- 10 mm) |
(1) | FJ = full steel jacket (plated) |
(2) | full copper alloy jacket |
5. DIN 52290 (Germany)
Class | Type of Weapon | Caliber | Bullet | Test condition | ||
Type | Mass | Test range | Bullet velocity | |||
(grains / g) | (m) | (m/s) | ||||
M1 / CI | SIG | 9 x 19mm | VMR/wk | 8,00 | 3 | 355-365 |
M2 / C2 | S&W | .357 Mag. | VMKS/wk | 10,25 | 3 | 415-425 |
M3 / C3 | Colt | .44 Mag. | VMF/wk | 15,55 | 3 | 435-445 |
M4 / C4 | NATO riffle | 7,62 x 51 | VMS/wk | 9,45 | 10 | 785-795 |
5.56 x 45 | 3,56 | 965-975 | ||||
M5 / C5 | NATO riffle | 7,62 x 51 | VMS/hk | 9,75 | 25 | 800-810 |
VMR/wk | full jacket, round nose, soft point | VMS/wk | full jacket, point nose, soft point | ||||
VMF/wk | full jacket, flat nose, soft point | VMS/hk | full jacket, point nos, hard point | ||||
VMKS/wk | full jacket, conned nose, soft point |
※ multi hit requirement : 3 stopped penetrations, spacing 125 mm
6. BS 5051 - 1988 (Great Britain)
Class |
Type of Weapon | Caliber | Bullet | Test condition | |||
Type | Mass | Test range | Bullet velocity | ||||
(grains / g) | (m) | (m/s) | |||||
G0 | handgun | 9 mm | metal case bullet | ... | 7.4 | 3 | 390 (+30/-0) |
G1 | handgun | .357 Mag. | SP/SJ/FN | 158 | 10.2 | 3 | 435 (+30/-0) |
G2 | handgun | .44 Magnum | SP/SJ/FN | 240 | 15.6 | 3 | 456 (+30/-0) |
R1 | Rifle (1-7 twist) | 5,56 x 45 | M193/SS109 | ... | 3.6 | 10 (*5) | 919 (+30/-0) |
R2 | Rifle | 7,62 x 51 | NATO standard 7,62 ball | ... | 9.5 | 10 | 815 (+30/-0) |
S1 | 12 Bore Shotgun | 12 Bore | Solid lead slug (1oz) | 28,35 | 10 | 406 (+40/-0) |
※ multi hit requirement : 3 stopped penetrations, spacing 100 mm. S1 1 stopped penetration, centre of impact near centre of sample
미국은 총기소지가 허용된 나라라 그런지 규격도 2개나 있네요.
그 외 규격은 유럽, 독일, 영국, NATO의 방탄 레벨에 대한 규격이 많이 사용됐습니다.
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